http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/issue/feed INKISHAF 2024-09-30T00:00:00+00:00 Dr Ata ur Rehman editor@inkishaf.org Open Journal Systems <p><strong>INKĪSHĀF</strong> is an open access, double-blind peer reviewed quarterly research Journal of international repute published by the Rah-e-Falah Researcg Center, Lahore. Articles by learned research scholars from all over the world are published in the INKĪSHĀF research Journal. In it different aspects of Islam and their impact on Muslim and non-Muslim societies are discussed. The Journal tries to foster internal as well as external dialogue among Muslims and with those of other faiths, in the fields of Islamic Studies, Humanities and Social Sciences, in order to encourage an atmosphere conducive to universal peace and understanding, for a better world. It aims at interpreting the teachings of Islam in such a way as to bring out its dynamic character, in the context of the intellectual and scientific progress of the modern world. Furthermore, the Journal also encourages the authors to submit researches conducted under interdisciplinary collaboration on the important socio-Religious issues including interfaith harmony and studies in contemporary religions. The main objective of INKĪSHĀF is to promote Islamic based research through modern research techniques and social science methodologies. Furthermore, INKĪSHĀF is an Academic Journal devoted to Islamic research and scholarship. It is to serve as a forum for scholars to write objectively, analytically and , where ever necessary, critically on Islamic History, Philosophy, Science, Arts, Culture, Archaeology, Law, and Jurisprudence etc.</p> http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/491 خود کشی کے تد۱رک کی خصوصی صورتیں قرآن و حدیث کی روشنی میں 2024-09-19T04:57:24+00:00 Saba Ashraf 2022-mphil-is-002@tuf.edu.pk Dr. Ammara Rehman asst.prof.is@tuf.edu.pk <p><em>Suicide, the intentional act of ending one’s own life, represents a profound and multifaceted issue impacting individuals and societies globally.</em><em> Life is such a great blessing of Allah Almighty which is the basis of all other blessings. Therefore, while ordering the protection of body and soul, Islam has made it mandatory for all members of the society to protect life in all circumstances. </em><em>&nbsp;It is a critical public health concern characterized by its complex interplay of psychological, social, and biological factors. The phenomenon of suicide is often rooted in severe emotional distress, mental illness, or existential crises, and it demands a nuanced understanding to effectively address and prevent it. The study of suicide encompasses a variety of disciplines, including psychology, sociology, psychiatry and epidemiology. Suicide prevention strategies often focus on early intervention, crisis management and promoting mental health awareness this introduction aims to provide a foundational understanding of suicide including its definitions, risk factors, and the impact on individuals and communities. It also highlights the importance of a multifaceted approach to prevention and intervention, incorporating both clinical and community-based strategies to address this complex issue effectively. Understanding the underlying causes and contributing factors of suicide is crucial for developing effective prevention programs and providing support for those at risk.</em><em> Suicide prevention is a critical issue in contemporary society and understanding its spiritual and ethical dimensions can provide valuable insights. This article explores special cases of suicide prevention through the lens of Islamic teachings specifically the Quran and Sunnah. Islamic perspectives on suicide are grounded in a framework of preserving life, mental well-being and community support.</em> <em>Special cases, such as those involving severe mental health disorders, grief or societal pressures, are also addressed within Islamic teachings. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) advocated for empathy, counseling and support for those experiencing profound difficulties. Islamic scholars emphasize a holistic approach to mental health, integrating spiritual, psychological and social dimensions. Suicide prevention strategies which highlighting the need for a compassionate faith-based</em><em> approach to mental health challenges. By combining spiritual guidance with practical support Islamic teachings offer a comprehensive framework for addressing and preventing suicide in various contexts.</em></p> 2024-09-08T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/477 انصاف کی فراہمی میں ریاستی ذمہ داریاں :قرآن وسنت کی روشنی میں تحقیقی جائزہ 2024-08-23T10:55:36+00:00 Hafiz Munir Ahmad Cheema asjalcheema@gmail.com M. Akbar Ali hakbarali500@gmail.com Saba Tufail 21203019-005@uskt.edu.pk <p><em>Basically Islamic state has religious values and lays stress for upholding justice.The institutions that human beings have developed for right direction of social life, among them the institution of state is basic and important. There are four pillars of a state, establishment, judiciary, journalist and senate. Judiciary is the most important. If judiciary is strong, then people may get justice soon, then state can flourish speedily by upholding justice. A state can survive with &nbsp;cruelity but it can not survive with injustice. Modren Era is also age of complex problems alongwith scientific progress by discriminating among the problems of modern era, and using them wisely are the best quality of a justice. As it is said in Holy Quran “No doubt, Allah orders for justice and equity”. The complications found in today,s modern age, are widening the scope a state. Along with law and order discipline, the provision of justice is also duty of a state. The state of Madina founded by Hazrat Muhammad (PBUH) and its system is a splendid and practical model. He upheld justice in every field of life along with state matters. In this subject we will try to show those facters through which justice can be upheld in a state.</em></p> 2024-08-23T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/489 نبی کریمﷺکی مدنی دورمیں نظامِ سراغ رسانی کےذرائع اورمنتخب غزوات میں اس کی اثرانگیزی 2024-09-17T12:44:34+00:00 Said Badshah eagleeyestop1@gmail.com Prof. Dr. Ata Ur Rahman ataurrahman3003@gmail.com Dr. Muhammad Abdul Haq mabdulhaq.pk@gmail.com <p><em>When Prophet Muhammad (SAW) migrated to Madina, he has to face many challenges. The Quraish extended their tentacles to Madina in the enmity of Muslims trying to make a gap between them and the inhabitants of Madina and make the Jews their alloy to abolish Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) had to make a multi task strategy to become safe from the internal and external enemies. In this perspective he made plans and initially it resulted in the formation of Madina Charter in order to make this city peaceful and it protected the Muslims from Jews. The next challenge was the safety from Quraish who wanted to encounter Muslims in warfare. The Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was endowed with the qualities of leadership and wisdom so he thought of next level plans to keep himself aware of the enemy’s strategies and objectives, so he established an intelligence network and made it strong gradually. He kept an eye on the political, economic and warfare of the enemy. There were many sources of intelligence used by Prophet Muhammad (SAW). The main and certain source was Wahi (revelation) from Allah. The other sources were spying of an individual, secret patrolling of a group of Muslims, spying by a newly Muslim person, getting secret information by wisdom and sagacity of the Prophet Muhammad (SAW) and to stray the enemies with Toriah. The prophet Muhammad (SAW) used all the espionage techniques extensively and took control of Madina and its outskirts. He also used these spying techniques against Quraish and defeated them in the battlefields. In Ghazwa Badr, Ghazwa Uhad, Ghazwa Ahzab, Ghazwa Banu Quraiza and Ghazwa Khyber he made war strategies keeping in view intelligence reports and geographical status of the battlefield and defeated his enemies with less equipment and less army but rich plans.</em></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> 2024-09-13T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/487 A Study of concept of “Ibn Ullah " (The Son of God) in the Context of Gordon D. Nickel’s book The Qur'an with Christian Commentary 2024-09-17T06:05:29+00:00 Muhammad Tariq m.tariq.thana@gmail.com Dr. Janas Khan drjanaskhan9911@gmail.com Prof. Dr. Ata Ur Rahman ataurrahman3003@gmail.com <p><em>For a long time, the Orientalists have been targeting Islam and its sources with various accusations and objections.</em> <em>One name in this list is that of Gordon D. Nickel who has criticized various aspects of the Qur'an in his book “The Qur'an with Christian Commentary”.</em> <em>Among these objections, one </em><em>point</em><em> is about Uzair's AS. He wrote that the Qur'an accuses the Jews of believing Uzair to be the son of Allah, which is contrary to historical facts. Gordon D. Nickel is either misunderstood in this context or he has deliberately presented this point in this way, because Islamic sources associate this accusation with a specific group of Jews instead of the entire community of Jews.</em> <em>In this paper, this point will be studied in the light of Islamic teachings and Bible and the actual facts about the said point will be stated.</em></p> 2024-09-13T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/494 An Empirical Analysis of Case Law Regarding Spouses' Illnesses and Defects as Legitimate Grounds for Divorce 2024-09-27T18:32:36+00:00 Sohaib Ahmed sohaib_ahmed09@yahoo.com Dr. Inayatullah Bhatti inayat.bhatti@salu.edu.pk Dr. Muhammad Shahzad Fareed muhammadshahzadfareed@gmail.com <p><em>The family is a fundamental unit in the Islamic social system and is highly valued in Islam. It allows for the legitimate gratification of passions based on respect and collaboration. A marriage contract is regarded as a civil agreement that can be terminated just like any other. While a husband has the authority to file for divorce, a woman has the right to request a separation as well. This article offers an analytical analysis of court procedures surrounding divorce as well as the Islamic perspective on a spouse's right to separate due to illness or deformity. Five resolved cases from Pakistani courts were recently taken into consideration to examine the issue. The approach of case study concerning illnesses and defects is employed in order to comprehend the procedure of the court. In order to understand why there isn't any case law on the subject, the quantitative research approach is also used. In order to shed insight on the challenges associated with the reasons why the majority of cases pertaining to the aforementioned concerns are not filed, a questionnaire including four interview questions was administered. Four of the most senior practicing attorneys from the Rawalpindi judiciary and one senior attorney from the Supreme Court of Islamabad provided samples for the survey.</em></p> 2024-09-05T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/483 معاشرتی تربیت کے رہنما اصول اور اسوہ نبویﷺ: ایک اطلاقی مطالعہ 2024-09-05T09:49:42+00:00 Dr. Saeed Ahmad Saeedi saeed.is@pu.edu.pk Hafiz Ghulam Yasin ghulamyasin44@gmail.com <p><em>This study delves into the principles of social upbringing and the exemplary conduct of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH), offering an applied perspective. It explores the teachings and practices of the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as a guide for social behavior and upbringing. Through an analysis of his life and teachings, this study aims to extract valuable insights and lessons that can be applied in contemporary society. The research emphasizes the relevance and applicability of the Prophet's (PBUH) guidance in shaping ethical conduct, fostering harmonious relationships, and promoting positive social values.It briefs the significance of moral values and their implementation,as it helps us to live a life of righteousness and virtue. It helps to understand the comparison of hardships, which faced our beloved Holy Propht(PBUH) and now what we are &nbsp;Facing the troubles of life. It will provide a cleared way to all the mankind, to exit these troubles of life through implementation of the providing principles by the Holy Prophet.He (PBUH) was a paragon of virtue and best exemplar for the human race.He was known for his compassion and mercy to the mankind, so he set up a society where fair, honesty, humbleness, generousity and patience were practiced. He accorded respect to children and greeted them first, he was present in funeral ceremonies,visited the sick and he helped the needy.</em></p> 2024-09-02T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/492 Islamic Distinctiveness and Prohibition of Imitation of Non-Muslims: A Rational Review 2024-09-19T05:06:42+00:00 Dr. Allah Ditta hafizfizfaiz27@gmail.com Hafiz Muhammad Usman h.m.usmanshaikh@mircpk.net Dr. Irshad Hussain hafizfizfaiz27@gmail.com <p><em>This study is an attempt to present the Islamic direction for Muslims on prohibition of imitating non-Muslims in the context of cultural fusion and exchange in this global village especially after the scientific developments. Islam has its own traditions and core values and demands its followers to adhere to it firmly in every sphere of life. In this article, the logical reasonings about the prohibition of imitation of infidels has been described in detail. What are the reasons why a Muslim individual cannot adopt the ways and methods of others? Many renown scholars opine that the prohibition of imitation or resemblance with infidels is not correct in terms of </em><em>wisdom</em><em> while some other scholars claim that wisdom never prevents resemblance with other individuals, groups, and entities. &nbsp;The answer to such doubts is given in this paper and it is stated that common sense not only prevents imitation with non-Muslims, but common sense shows that every nation has its own culture and civilization that is why wisdom dictates to avoid or refrain from the imitation with other people. Every intelligent person follows the ways and culture of his own nation and he never follows the ways of any other nation. The intellect claims that the one who follows the ways of other people is not called a wiseman. According to wise people, the wise one is the one who follows the ways of his people. In this paper, such questions, objections and queries has been answered in the light of logics and Islamic Shariah.</em></p> 2024-09-13T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/478 قتل غیرت اورمعاشرےپراس کےاثرات ، قرآن وسنت کی روشنی میں تجزیاتی مطالعہ 2024-09-03T06:35:21+00:00 Mehmood Raza mehmoodraza304@gmail.com Dr. Muhammad Shamim Akhter m.shamim@hamdard.edu.pk Dr. Haseeb Ahmad Khan haseeb.ahmed@hamdard.edu.pk <p><em>This research paper, titled "Honour Killing and Its Societal Impact: An Islamic Perspective," offers a qualitative analysis of honour killings and their repercussions on contemporary society through an Islamic lens. Honour killings, a form of violence deeply rooted in cultural practices, are often justified by distorted interpretations of honour and moral codes. This study explores the complex interplay between such practices and Islamic teachings, aiming to clarify misconceptions and provide a contextual understanding of the issue.Utilizing qualitative research methods, this paper examines historical, theological, and socio-cultural perspectives to evaluate the Islamic stance on honour killings. It incorporates in-depth interviews, case studies, and textual analysis to discern how Islamic principles and legal frameworks address and condemn such practices. By investigating the religious, legal, and ethical dimensions, the research seeks to elucidate the Islamic viewpoint on honour killings and highlight the ways in which Islamic teachings promote justice, equality, and human dignity.The findings underscore that honour killings are contrary to Islamic values and jurisprudence, which emphasize the sanctity of life and the prohibition of unjust violence. This study also discusses the socio-cultural factors that contribute to the persistence of honour-based violence and proposes recommendations for addressing these issues within the framework of Islamic ethics. The research aims to contribute to a more nuanced understanding of honour killings and advocate for reforms aligned with Islamic principles to combat this form of violence effectively.Overall, this paper provides a critical examination of honour killings through an Islamic perspective, offering insights into the alignment of religious teachings with contemporary societal norms and legal standards.</em></p> 2024-09-01T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/490 عصر حاضر میں تربیتِ اولاد : اسوۂرسول کی روشنی میں 2024-09-17T13:07:55+00:00 Hafiz Munir Ahmad Cheema asjalcheema@gmail.com M. Akbar Ali hakbarali500@gmail.com Saba Tufail 21203019-005@uskt.edu.pk <p><em>Allah has created limitless blessings for human being in this universe and he cannot count these blessings. As parents are blessing for the offspring similarly offspring is also a great blessing for parents. It is responsibility of parents to take serious steps for their education. There are lot of verses of Holy Quran and Hadith on this topic. Since the creation of the universe, i.e, from Adam till dated, every parents wished that their offspring where pious, well nourished, and provided with the facilities of the world , so that he would live a life of a good citizen. It is a fact that a child is a diamond, as it is sharpened, it gets that shape. It is the delimma of the day that parents themselves are so busy that they could not spend time with their children as they need. Rather parents themselves throw their children into the lap of social media and do not care to know what their child is watching and doing. Today’s modern mothers take resort of mobile phones and T.V cartoons for making their child eat something. Now its very much essential to know what the responsibilities are the head of the family and society. Children are like blank paper, it’s up to parents and grown-up what color they draw on them the biggest problem regarding the bringing up the children is blind adherence of west. We follow west in almost all aspects of life so consequently we could not get success of our own. West is negating morality so East is following them. We have never thought how much this blind adherence is harmful. After this, man is compelled to think about the factors which are hindering in the way of bringing up the children. Then he realizes that he as parent is far away from Holy Quran, Hadith and the company of his parents. If we want to get success in this world and the world hereafter then we have to follow Rasool (PBUH), as he (PBUH) is the amalgam model for us in all our matters. How much he (PBUH) loved the Muslim children as well as non-Muslim children. How he (PBUH) trained them, motivated them for Islam. It was that time when daughters were put into graves alive. It was training of Rasool (PBUH) that they got enlightened. Once stated by Hazrat Ayesha (R.A) that once a villager asked Rasool (PBUH)” Do you kiss children? We do not” Rasool (PBUH) replied “Allah has withdrawn love from you that I can do now”. More books will consult on the subject, the importance of bringing up of children will be emphasized, what can be its effects. </em></p> 2024-09-13T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/488 عالمی وبائی امراض کے اسباب ،سماجی زندگی پر اثرات،سدباب اور متعلقہ جدید مسائل کاتحقیقی جائزہ قرآن وسنت کی روشنی میں 2024-09-17T12:22:37+00:00 Rafiudin rafihidi1990@gmail.com Dr. Seyed Ghazanfer drghazanfar@uok.edu.pk <p><em>Throughout human history, epidemics and pandemic had caused immense problems and sufferings. They&nbsp; had negative effects on all the&nbsp; aspects of life as well as they had effected the entire society including economy, industry, education institutions and places of worship. Due to these epidemic diseases every person living a prosperous life has been restricted and lives in a state of trouble. Islamic teachings and science tell us some reasons because of which these epidemic diseases occurred. They are some spiritual and material causes whose effects are quite fatal and destructive. When these diseases spread in the society, to avoid it some people focus their attention on material causes while some completely focus on spiritual causes, both are not correct, rather each one has its status and importance. In this article, an effort has been made to clarify the material and spiritual causes and destruction caused by it۔ Along with this,it will be explained how to remove the spiritual causes of these diseases and their treatment and the new jurisprudence rulings in the light of Islamic teachings.</em></p> 2024-09-13T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/495 Hazrat Muhammad's (ﷺ) Stratagems for Metropolitan Managements and Disciplines 2024-09-27T19:19:05+00:00 Dr. Peeral Khan peeral.khan@iba-suk.edu.pk Dr. Hafiz Salahuddin salahuddin@luawmsa.edu.pk Dr. Faisal faisalaleemi81@gmail.com <p><em>As the final prophet of Allah, the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) serves as a perfect example for humanity. He (ﷺ) was a political leader as well as a religious leader simultaneously as there is no idea of separation between the government and religion. He founded the state of Madina because the newly formed kingdom had many issues that the wisdom of the Holy Prophet resolved also Made decisions at Madina.&nbsp; He (ﷺ) established standards for improved welfare state development, planning, and discipline.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; The primary focus was on legislation pertaining to the upkeep of discipline, the application of equal law for all subjects, the enforcement of Hadood, the devolution of authority to lower levels, the creation of distinct departments with distinct roles, the supremacy of merit, and an extremely robust accountability framework. States nowadays have very significant challenges in maintaining peace and maintaining discipline.&nbsp; States use a variety of strategies to maintain order and peace, but the outcomes are often unsatisfactory. In these situations, it is the responsibility of Muslim leaders to implement the strategies and policies that the Holy Prophet (ﷺ)&nbsp;adopted and to demonstrate to the entire universe that the Prophetic teachings, which were given by the universe's creator, contain the answers to all problems pertaining to management and discipline.</em></p> 2024-09-17T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/486 تفنيد شبهات وليام مونتجمري وات حول نبوة محمد صلى الله عليه وسلم 2024-09-17T05:56:53+00:00 Dr. Sadia Begum sadia.begum.vt8442@iiu.edu.pk Dr. Ahtisham Masood ahtishammasoodiiui@gmail.com <p><em>Montgomery watt as a historian of Islamic history and prolific modern biographer of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) has been regarded as one of the most accredited Islamicists of the twentieth century by both Christians and Muslims. Watt has written a great number of books and articles about Islam and seerah. but his main views about the status and prophet hood of Muhammad can be found in his writings such as Muhammad at Mecca Muhammad at Medina Muhammad Prophet and Statesman William Montgomery Watt can be deemed as those Orientalists who have connected the common phenomenological view of the West about Nabovat (Prophet hood) to the theological view mostly originating from Christian theology. The article at hand is organized with using the descriptive-analytical method and a criticizing approach along with gathering and analyzing data. The findings of this study show that William Montgomery Watt has put his opinion based on some myths and used orientalist approach on Nabovat (Prophet hood) of Prophet PBUH.</em></p> 2024-09-13T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/493 From Faith to Feelings: Media’s Grip on Social, Psychological, and Religious Growth of Children 2024-09-25T19:10:47+00:00 Waqas Ali Khan waqas.ali@uon.edu.pk Ehtisham Ali ahmad.raza@uon.edu.pk Namra Shahzadi namra.shahzadi@uog.edu.pk <p><em>This study aims to examine the effects of media content on children's social, psychological, and religious development. In particular, it examines the prosocial, violent, and religious media's influence on children's behavior, the regulation of emotions, cognitive functions, and spiritual identity. The study also evaluates the role of social media in the formation of peer relationships and emotional health status. A qualitative research design has been carried out, which took interviews with a wide range of parents for the purpose of thematic analysis. The interviews tackled their media observations among children and its perceived consequences. The results indicate that children's social behavior can be influenced in a positive way through prosocial and educational media, thus, characteristics such as empathy, cooperation, and problem-solving skills are developed. Yet, the consumption of violent and aggressive media was related to the rise of aggressive and antisocial behavior. Social media was listed by respondents as a neutral impact since some of them gave examples of benefits whereas others mainly referred to the existence of cyberbullying and social comparison. Furthermore, it demands more stringent media regulation and the support of high-quality educational programs. Both parents and media companies are accountable for what kids are exposed to, so they need to team up to find proper solutions. However, with proper adult guidance the risks can be mitigated. Both media companies and parents are responsible for what children are shown, and together they have to figure out the solutions.</em></p> 2024-09-14T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF http://inkishaf.org/index.php/home/article/view/479 حقوق کی خرید و فروخت اور ان کی عصری تطبیقات 2024-09-03T06:43:14+00:00 Ubaid ur Rahman uraufi235@gmail.com Dr. Mohammad Ishaq Alam ishaqalam@uok.edu.pk <p><em>Through history, the idea of selling rights in Islamic jurisprudence has been an intricate matter based essentially on the Shariah principles. In the past, transfer of some rights for example usufruct rights or intellectual property has involved strict observance to the laws within Islam that guarantee fairness and prevent exploitation. While these concepts have also progressed in order to tackle concerns like digital assets from commercial transactions and even intellectual properties among others, it is important that they are compatible with Islamic ethics. The application of these principles today is crucial, particularly in the globalized economy, where the intersection of traditional Islamic values and modern commerce must be navigated with care. The present paper will outline various modern applications including digital rights sellings, franchising and intellectual property rights within the purview of Islamic law. By understanding and adapting these principles to contemporary contexts not only helps protect Islamic law’s integrity but provides ethical frameworks for current economic practices as well.</em></p> 2024-09-01T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) 2024 INKISHAF